Un vulcan es un rupture in li cruste de a planetari-masse objecte, quam Terra, que permisse calid lava, vulcanic cindres, e gases a escapar ex un magmic chambre sub li superficie.

Sabancaya vulcan eruptent, Peru in 2017

Sur Terra, vulcanes es max sovente trovat u tectonic platiles es diverger o converger, e usualmen es trovat submarin. Por exemple, un mid-ocean creste, quam li Mid-Atlantic Creste, have vulcanes causat per divergent tectonic platiles, ma li Pacific Anelle de Foy have vulcanes causat per convergent platiles. Vulcanes anc posse formar u hay tender e tenuar de li platiles de cruste, quam in li Ost African Rift e li Rift del Rio Grande. Vulcanisme for del limites de platiles have esset postulat a resultar de ascendent diapires fro li limite de cordie–mantel, 3000 km profund in li Terra. To causa vulcanisme de calid-locos, de quel li Hawaiian calid-loco es un exemple. Vulcanes rarmen resulta u du tectonic platiles glissa preter unaltru.

Eruptiones grand posse afecter atmosferic temperatura pro que cindres e guttetas de sulfuric acide obscura li Sole e frigida li troposfere del Terra. Historicmen, grand eruptiones vulcanic have esset sequet per vulcanic hivernes, quel have causat catastrofic famines.[1]

Altri planetes adplu Terra have vulcanes. Por exemple, Mercur have piroclastic deposites format per explosiv vulcanic activitá.[2]. Mars have pluri grand vulcanes.

Vide anc

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Referenties

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  1. Volcanic Winters. In: Annual Review of Earth e Planetary Sciences. 16, Nr. 1, May 1988, S. 73–99
  2. Pitted-Ground Volcanoes on Mercury. In: Remote Sensing. 14, Nr. 17, 2022-08-24, S. 4164